Maternal Nutrition During Pregnancy

Maternal Nutrition During Pregnancy Reflection on maternal nutrition during pregnancy and advice given to a client The aim of this assignment is to reflect on my learning experience and the time spent with a midwife in an antenatal clinic advising pregnant women on a nutritional diet for a healthy pregnancy. Also, the reflection helped me recognise a negative aspect of my experience, as well as focus on the positive part of the event. For this essay I will use Gibbs’ (1988) type of reflective cycle. The model contains six phases necessary to complete one cycle of reflection associated with description of an event; my feelings and deep thoughts, evaluation and analysis of the case, examination of the whole situation and summary of my experience. My second clinical placement was in an antenatal clinic in a hospital. On the day I worked with a registered midwife providing nutritional advice to pregnant women. According to the Nursing and Midwifery Council (2015), in order to protect the chosen woman and her partner’s anonymity, I will refer to them utilising the pseudonyms Anne and Tom. Anne arrived on time for her appointment with the midwife. She was a twenty two year old lady, primigravida, nine weeks plus one day pregnant. Also, Anne had a body mass index (BMI) of 23, and her pregnancy was unplanned, but she was excited to discuss her nutritional needs with us. After welcoming Anne and introducing ourselves, I obtained a verbal consent from the client to participate and discuss nutritional issues during her pregnancy. The midwife knew me well as we had worked together almost a week. I had some experience managing and recording maternal observation, but she was aware that I had never presented nutritional information directly to a woman. At first, the midwife advised me to get familiar with the hospital policy and procedural guidance about food and nutrition during pregnancy. A day before Anne’s appointment, the midwife and I discussed the subject of high nutritional requirements and the appropriate diet to be maintained throughout the pregnancy. I began my interview with Anne by communicating in a friendly and professional manner in order to establish a positive attitude to her future maternity care. After that Anne was asked some general questions in relation to her food preferences and allergies. At all times I was closely supported and supervised by the midwife, and as the discussion progressed I felt more confident in providing Anne with the required details for a healthy diet. I explained that a healthy eating is essential throughout pregnancy and a variety of different types of food is recommended to help the mothers stay fit and well. In addition, I indicated that plenty of fruits and vegetables of different colours will provide the body with essential vitamins, minerals and fibre, which will help the digestive system and prevent constipation. Anne remarked that she felt nausea in the mornings and that she could only tolerate certain foods. She added that meals did not taste the same as before. Also, she indicated tha t her stomach got upset and her appetite considerably diminished following the smell of certain foods. Next, the midwife got involved in the conversation and reassured Anne that morning sickness in the early days was completely normal, but as long as it was not severe would resolve by 16 to 20 weeks of pregnancy. Moreover, the midwife suggested that getting up slowly from bed in the morning may reduce the symptoms. Also, Anne was advised to drink plenty of clear fluids and to eat something dry, such as a toast or crackers for breakfast. I added that eating frequently small snacks and avoiding heavy meals can improve food intake significantly. Furthermore, Anne was encouraged to drink approximately two litres of water a day. It was essential for her body system to work perfectly and to prevent dehydration. On the other hand, soft fizzy drinks contain high amount of carbohydrates and could lead to overweight. Particular attention was paid to meals containing substantial amounts of sugar, salt and fat. The National Health Service (NHS) (2009) states that an increased amount of saturated fat can lead to overweight and heart disease. Furthermore, the midwife went through all the information about protein meals, dairy food and carbohydrates. In addition, Anne was informed about some foods and drinks which were unsafe in pregnancy, as they may harm or cause severe malformation of the fetus. For example, daily consumption of caffeine needs to be limited to 200mg. There are concerns that high amounts of it can cause miscarriage or delivery of an infant with low birth weight. Alcohol intake is completely forbidden, due to the fact that it can affect the foetus’s development. Risk of Salmonela virus can be avoided by cooking all meat and eggs thoroughly. Another harmful bacteria to pregnant women is Listeriosis, found in soft cheeses, unpasteurised milk, shellfish and undercooked meat (NHS, 2009). However, listeria can be destroyed by cooking all type of meat, eggs and ready meals thoroughly (National Institute for Health and Care Excellence [NICE], 2014). I briefly informed Anne about some of the important vitamins and minerals she needed throughout pregnancy. For instance, folic acid, vitamin D, iron, vitamin C and calcium. For example, the daily recommended dose of folic acid in the first trimester of pregnancy is 400mcg (NICE, 2014). The midwife added that frequent intake of folic acid can diminish the risk of having an infant with health issues such as spina bifida. Furthermore, a nutrition brochure was offered to Anne and she was advised to read it. Finally, Anne was encouraged to take daily supplements due to the high level of vitamins and minerals required in pregnancy. Anne appreciated the nutrition-related details, but at the same time she looked overwhelmed with information. Initially, I was somewhat anxious and hesitant to speak in front of a client and to provide Anne with evidence based information on nutrition in pregnancy. However, as the client became comfortable and appeared willing to understand the importance of healthy eating while pregnant, I felt confident communicating with her. Moreover, it was essential that I was supported by my mentor and encouraged to move outside of my comfort zone. The midwife and I felt united throughout our preparation for the interview with the client and we built strong cooperative skills. Sloper (2004) identified that cooperative working is beneficial for the clients, as it increases their satisfaction of care provided and builds trust in staff members. Nevertheless, I felt that Anne was overloaded with information. It might have been more helpful to present a smaller amount of educational materials over several meetings, rather than the bulk of it in one single session. However, Anne was pleased with the information presented, as we tried to focus on her individual needs. Some studies show that an antenatal education increases women’s knowledge and helps them choose a variety of healthy meals during the pregnancy (Feilitzen, Radestad, Hildinsson Hà ¤ggstrà ¶m-Nordin, 2009). However, one of the main problems was that great amount of information was given in a short time. Lavender, Moffat and Rixon (2000), reported that some nutrition information may be given to women in their preconception consultation with a general practitioner. On a few occasions use of medical jargon was observed. England and Morgan (2012) assert that use of medical language in the health sector can create misinterpretation and confusion in clients and this may have a negative effect on their care. Both my mentor and I had prepared well for the session, applying evidence-based information. We had planned the discussion and kept the client engaged with the presentation material. Furthermore, I was guided by my mentor to find relevant sources of dietary information and present them to Anne in a simple way. After the interview I felt more comfortable speaking in front of a client and I realised that it is completely normal to feel nervous. On a few occasions, my mentor used sensitive humour to decrease the level of stress and to stimulate discussion. Moreover, developing a good relationship with my mentor helped me to expand my understanding of what I need to achieve through my clinical placement. Also, I had opportunity to combine my theoretical knowledge with practical experience and reflect on my clinical involvement. It was vital understanding Anne, and I set aside my judgement in order to recognise her current condition of nausea and vomiting. Valuing Anne as an individual and understanding her current condition will boost her belief in health professionals. Studies show that moderate nausea and vomiting during pregnancy do not need medical treatment (Tiran, 2014). Nevertheless, women suffering from this must not be dismissed, but monitored and supported by health care professionals. Specifically, a knowledgeable midwife can advise the women on the use of complementary therapies. The Royal College of Midwives (2014) state that all midwives must have basic knowledge of the advantages and dangers of complementary therapies. On the other hand, if the midwife has little or no understanding of natural remedies, it can lead the clients to seek advice from unreliable sources, such as the internet. Therefore, it may be equally risky for these women, as information provided via internet can sometimes be unsafe or inaccurate. The women must be mentally supported by midwives, as hyperemesis can lead to serious conditions and women isolation (Dean, 2014). Effective communication between a client and a medical practitioner, as well as good nutritional planning, can significantly decrease the symptoms of hyperemesis. Midwives often advise pregnant women to take multivitamin supplements. The best option is to provide vitamins and minerals through a varied diet, such as consuming plenty of fresh fruits and vegetables (NICE, 2014), as this will reduce the need for purchasing expensive supplements. On the contrary, use of over the counter vitamins by pregnant women could falsely raise the sense of security (Coutts, 2000). Moreover, synthetic supplements are often not distinguished by the human body and are excreted in urine or stored up as fat (Nolan, 1998). Additionally, pregnant women should be extra cautious with supplements containing vitamin A, as high levels could be detrimental for the fetus (Blincoe, 2008). The most significant challenge for me in a clinical setting was the ability to listen effectively to my mentor in order to support and advise a healthy pregnant women about the right nutritional choices. Furthermore, it was important to educate our clients about a balanced diet in order to maximize the possibility for growth of a healthy infant. Women with sensible eating habits and normal BMI will provide the fetus with the perfect environment (Seaman, 1997). Alternatively, poor maternal nutrition could affect the growth and development of the normal fetus. Reflecting on that day and analysing the meeting with Anne helped me understand how I can improve presentation of information in the future. I have reviewed the session with my mentor and realise that I can facilitate discussion, rather than just provide information. My mentor openly shared her practical experience with me and this made me realise that I can use posters to visualise the dietary information. For example, next time I can play a short video related to the benefits of healthy eating to prompt further debate. Also, I need to increase my basic nutritional knowledge in order to support women better in their dietary needs. Overall, the involvement in a clinical placement helped me become logical and creative in my future career. Moreover, various information presentation strategies were discussed with my mentor to help me improve my service user presentation in a clinical setting. The benefits of learning by doing increased my understanding of establishing a nutritious diet in pregnant women in order to deliver a healthy infant. From others’ experience and my own mistakes I learnt how to improve in the future.

Unemployment :: Working Jobs Careers Labor Essays

Unemployment In compiling unemployment statistics for the United States and other developed countries an unemployed person is defined as anyone who is capable of working and is actively seeking work but is unable to find a job.1Before a person can be unemployed in this sense he must be an active member of the labor force in search of a job. Students and Homemakers perform work, but they are not considered employed unless they are paid; however, they are not considered unemployed unless they are actively seeking gainful jobs. In societies in which a majority of the citizens are able to earn a living by working for others, being unable to locate and obtain a job is a very serious problem. Unemployment is widely used as a measure of workers' welfare because of the human costs and feelings of rejection and personal failure. The proportion of workers unemployed also shows how well a nations human resources are used and serves as an index of economic activity. The civilian labor force comprises the total of all civilians classified as employed or unemployed. The total labor force also includes members of the Armed Forces stationed either in the US Or abroad. The unemployment rate represents the number unemployed as a percent of the civilian labor force.2 Unemployment can be divided percent of the civilian labor into three types known as frictional, structural, and cyclical. The first form of unemployment is frictional unemployment. Frictional unemployment arises because workers seeking jobs do not find them immediately. While looking for work they are counted as unemployed.3 This could happen if suppose a person loses a job, perhaps because the work is finished. For example a construction craftsman when the job is finished; or it could happen to an actor or actress when the show closes. It will ordinarily take some time before that person finds another job. But while construction workers and entertainers can ordinarily expect to face this problem from time to time, it is something that can happen to anyone employed. People who are simply between jobs, in this sense, are said to be frictionally unemployed. The amount of frictional unemployment depends on the frequency with which workers change jobs and the time it takes to find new on es.4 This is a particularly important category, since this category of unemployment can never be eliminated or reduced to zero. Even in the best functioning market economy, there will be some people who are between jobs.

All-in-One Computer Security Systems Essay

All-in-one Computer Security Systems CIS/105 Some of the different programs that I choose to use as all-in-one security that has total protection are Norton Internet Security and McAfee has an exclusive active protection technology that analyzes and blocks threats in milliseconds. McAfee can immediately detect and remove viruses, even root kits, adware, spyware, and blocks. McAfee has a two-way firewall which blocks outsiders from hacking into your PC. The program also contains other features including ways to better the health of your PC. Norton Internet Security plus 360 versions 4. 0 warns you of dangerous downloads before you install and run them on your computer. Norton Internet Security has an extra layer of protection that detects viruses, spyware, Trojans and other threats. In addition Norton 360 4. 0 identifies applications that are impacting the performance of your PC. Using an all-in-one computer security protects your CPU from hijackers, identity theft, spyware, and virus. In addition using a security all in one center generally protects the user computer on its own. This keeps your system and all your information safe from others. There are some security programs which protect as well such as Anti-Virus, Anti-Spyware, Anti-Spam, Anti-Root kit, Identity Protection, Link Scanner Active Surf, Link Scanner Search, Web Protection & Firewall, and Sophisticated threat detection. Using an all-in-one security system is effective because the programs are not conflicting with each other; instead they all work together within one system. An all-in-one security system will use less running memory than several security systems running parallel to each other. All-in-one security system is effective in many elements such physically secured security appliance, content discrimination, quick recovery from failure, highly configurable logging and notification, simplicity, high uptime, economy secure connections, well-conceived security system policies, scalability, distributed architecture, of IP addresses, secure remote management and communication, authentication, virtual private networking, and summarize and report network activity. What the all in one computer security systems protect against is with spyware, virus, identity theft, and hijackers. The all in one computer security systems block the threats from getting onto your computer as long as it is running at all times. References McAfee. McAfee Total Protection 2010. Retrieved from. http://download. mcafee. com/products/manuals/en-us/mtp_datasheet_2010. pdf Norton by Symantec. Top-ranked Protection. Norton 360â„ ¢ Version 6. 0. Retrieved from. http://us. norton. com/360 Internet Security Handbook. What Makes a Good Network Security System and effective security system. Retrieved from. http://www. watchguard. com/help/lss/41/handbook/need_fo3. htm

The CSI Effect and its Implications in Forensic Science Essay

The definition of forensic science is any scientific research, method, or theory used to analyze evidence in an attempt to solve legal cases (Cho). In recent years, there has been growing public interest in forensic science, arguably because of the numerous television programs that glamorize its practices. This phenomenon is part of what is known as the CSI effect, or the process through which devoted fans of popular crime dramas develop unrealistic notions of forensic science methods, practices, and their applications in real life cases (Mancini 544; Stevens 37; Ley, Jankowski, and Brewer 52). The CSI effect has had more negative impacts on forensic science and society than positive impacts, especially in regards to what goes on in the†¦show more content†¦These scenes dramatize the lab technician’s work and make it seem intriguing and thrilling. This results in the intense obsession of viewers and their conviction that the images presented in these scenes are repres entative real life. Dante Mancini also refers to what is known as the strong prosecutor’s effect in his article â€Å"The ‘CSI Effect’ in an Actual Juror Sample: Why Crime Show Genre May Matter†. The strong prosecutor’s effect, as Mancini describes it, is one aspect of the CSI effect referring to the expectations jurors who frequently watch crime shows have for forensic evidence (Mancini 544). There are clearly many different aspects and impacts of the CSI effects that can be positive or negative. There has been a lot of research intending to fully discover the extent of the CSI effect television that has found its impact to be negative. Of the multitudes of negative impacts of the CSI effects, among the most prevalent are the unrealistic expectations that viewers have of DNA and other types of forensic evidence in the courtroom. 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Calvary Crossing A Ford Essay - 516 Words

A Yankee Journey from the South In merely one sitting, a reader of Walt Whitman’s piece Calvary Crossing a Ford might have the inclination to interpret the work as a simple depiction of some unknown band of horseman and the aesthetic scenery they encounter on their travels. With an eye that is more attentive to detail, literary elements such as the speaker’s tone and Whitman’s presentation of detail bring to light a deeper revelation; the Yankees are coming home. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;The speaker’s diction is not only sensory but also aesthetically so. He speaks of flags that, â€Å"flutter gayly in the wind,† and rivers of a â€Å"silvery† hew. The speaker’s personal image of the horseman is one of admiration as he sees, â€Å"each group, each†¦show more content†¦The journey is a long one â€Å"horses loitering stop to drink,† â€Å"negligent (riders) rest on the saddles.† However, the most prominent images are of â€Å"Scarlet and blue and snowy white† guidon flags and men â€Å"brown-faced.† The â€Å"Scarlet and blue and snowy white† guidon flags are a symbol for the flag of the American people. In keeping with the time period of this piece’s creation and remaining cognizant of the symbolization of the American Flag, It is easy to discern that the men are â€Å"brown-faced† because they are Northerners whom have been fighting in the southern regions . As submitted in the first argument of this paper the speaker is happy to see the Calvary suggesting that he to is a Northerner who is sharing the story of the Yankee Calvary’s return with his audience of peers. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;To conclude, at first site Calvary Crossing a Ford seems simply a quaint tale of men out for a ride in the countryside; however, there is a deeper story lying beneath the primary message. This is the tale of the Calvary of the United States who journeyed through the south beckoning the end of the antebellum south. They bravely went off to fight a war that brought Father against Son and Brother against Brother. Despite the many justifications there might be for their fighting, the Speaker of the piece is most content in knowing that the Yankee’s are comingShow MoreRelatedWalt Whitman and the Civil War Essay955 Words   |  4 Pageswrite poems in first point of view. He created the narrator as the center of the poem with â€Å"I† speaking in the poems. Whitman became mature since the Civil War. His maturity shown in two famous poems in Drum-Taps: Beat! Beat! Drums and Cavalry Crossing a Ford (Kelly). Walt Whitman wrote the poem Beat! Beat! Drums during the early years of the Civil War. It was probably the battle of Bull Run that inspired him to write the poem. Whitman showed his sarcastic response about the Civil War through thisRead MoreThe O Reilly Factor Essay2117 Words   |  9 Pagesreturned to plotting the exact steps he would need to take to get to the president. Meanwhile, President Lincoln sent a message to Ford’s Theater that he would like to reserve the State Box for tonight’s showing of Our American Cousin. The owner, James Ford is very excited that Lincoln will be coming to see a play that night. Business was slow because of all the celebrations that were going on due to the ending of the war. He knew that this would be a sellout show because people wanted to come and seeRead MoreSynopsis Of A Book The Lord Of Heaven 7093 Words   |  29 Pagesvengeance of our God; to comfort all that mourn; To appoint unto them that mourn in Zion, to give unto the m beauty for ashes, the oil of joy for mourning, the garment of praise for the spirit of heaviness† (Isa. 61:1– 3). Jesus paid the price on Calvary many years ago for our healing. He gave his life that we may live. â€Å"Whole on the outside, broken on the inside.† Clean and unclean go together; whole (fixed) and broken go together. Coupling â€Å"clean† and â€Å"broken† makes for a mixed metaphor. God is

Essay on Euthanasia Unethical And Immoral - 2106 Words

Despite one’s medical condition, euthanasia should not be an end of life choice. But what is euthanasia or doctor-assisted suicide? Euthanasia is defined as the bringing about of a gentle and easy death for a person suffering from a painful incurable disease, while Suicide on the other hand, is the intentional killing of oneself. Doctor-assisted suicide combines both of these definitions with the idea of a physician helping a terminally ill patient to die. Doctors can perform euthanasia by giving a patient a lethal injection or by prescribing a lethal dose of drugs (â€Å"Euthanasia†). Active euthanasia is actually taking proactive measures to help a person die. Opposite active euthanasia which is defined as allowing to die, and is used†¦show more content†¦Since Oregon enacted the Act, more than one hundred people have died with the assistance of doctors (Meyer). However, in 2009 the state of Washington will put into effect Initiative 1000. Initiative 1000 allows terminally ill patients who have less than six months to live to ask their doctors for a life-ending prescription. For those requesting fatal medication, the patient must be eighteen years or older, declared competent and must be a state resident. Two doctors must certify that the patient has a terminal condition with six months or less to live. Witnesses must affirm that the patient wishes to die and a psychologist must deem the patient competent. After a mandatory three requests, a fifteen day waiting period begins after the first request. It is up to the individual doctors to write or fill lethal prescriptions and to participate (Ellis). There are other places besides Oregon and Washington that have openly and legally authorized assisted suicide, one such place is the Netherlands. The Netherlands has allowed euthanasia for more than 30 years, supposedly under strict guidelines to protect the vulnerable from abuse. 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Another name for assisted suicide is euthanasia, which is the painless killing of a patient suffering from an incurable and painful disease or in an irreversible coma. Euthanasia is different from assisted suicide because the patient does not really have a say in what happens to them, therefore it is illegal in most countries. There are many different waysRead MoreEuthanasia Is The Other Form And It Takes Place Against The Patient s Consent1005 Words   |  5 PagesInvoluntary euthanasia is the other form and it takes place against the patient’s consent. Finally, non-voluntary euthanasia is whereby a physician carries out the act despite the fact that the patient does not have the ability to make the decision. To understand the slippery slope here, it is important to take note of the fact that all these forms of euthanasia are morally demeaning since they do not uphold the right to life. 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7157afe Global Strategy And Leadershipâ€Free Samples for Students

Question: Discuss About The 7157afe Global Strategy And Leadership? Answer: Introducation: The Medibank Private Company Limited has its headquarters in 720 Bourke Street Docklands, VIC 2008 in Australia. It was founded in 1976 in Australia before expanding into New Zealand. The Company provides private health solutions and insurance in Australia and New Zealand. The health insurance segment offers all sorts of personalized insurance products to different categories of consumers (Medibank Company, 2017). From the Companys annual report, as at 29th March 2017, it had a positive financial performance based on the financial analysis represented. For instance, the company declared a 5.25% dividend per share. This paper examines Medibanks organizational structure, business strategies applied and its environmental analysis. Generic Strategy The Medibank Company uses cost leadership strategy to serve the health industry. According to Porters generic strategy, cost leadership strategy refers to providing product and services at the lowest price compared to other competitors in the market. The strategy works well for the Company because it operates in the health industry where products and services are less differentiable (Porter, 1998, p. 117). The success of the strategy at the Company has been through the provision of a huge pool of products and services. These products and services include; insurance products which are grouped into hospital covers covering treatment provided by the hospitals. Extra cover offers medical cover for services such as optical, physiotherapy and dental. The company also provide telephone service for policyholders 24/7. Likewise, the Company an online hub as well as smartphone health apps where it can provide services and advice to its customers. The aim is to provide quality and quantity services to the customers at a low cost (Magretta, 2011, p. 53). The objective of using the strategy is increasing the market share and enjoy the economies of scale. According to the Companys chairmans statement in the 2016 annual report, Elizabeth Alexander stated that the Companys cost leadership strategy would remain unchanged even with the increasing cost of providing health care services in Australia. According to her, the success of the strategy was as a result of providing value and quality to the customers. The strategy has positively impacted the customers commitment to the company. The market share keeps on expanding (Eckerson, 2009, p. 86). The Company acknowledges the importance of affordability, value, and transparency to its customers. These factors are critical in maintaining sustainability in the Australias health service industry. To achieve its goal, Medibank has implemented several industry-based approaches. First, the company has formed partnerships with other facilities. Second, delivering better healthcare to the customers. Third, sharing trustworthy information between the company and customers. And, fourth, fair pricing (Kenny, 2009, p. 113). Her sentiments were supported by Craig Drummond, the Companys CEO who stated that the management was a commitment to meeting specific customer needs. For example, Medibank provided benefits worth $5.1 billion to its customers. Likewise, it had supported over 1.3 hospital admissions besides covering at least 26 million dental, physiotherapy and optical services. Cost leadership strategy was working well for the organization (Miles, 2003, p. 63). Medibank SWOT Analysis The SWOT analysis shows the Companys Strength, Weaknesses, and Threats.Strengt Medibank enjoy experienced business units, Due to its economies of scales, the company enjoy reduced labour cost, Have skilled employees, The company has a high rate of growth, Well established sales and distribution networks, High barrier of entry. Weaknesses The current brand portfolio is at its maturity stage. There is need for inventing new ones There is no clear plan for future productivity. The market is becoming saturated.Threats High operational cost Increasing cost of health services Decreasing trend of the financial performance (Cash Flow). Opportunities First, the Australian health service industry has shown a high recovery rate. The rate was 22% in 2015 and 59% in 2016. Likewise, the market has changed positively by 16% in 2015 and 40% in 2016. Lastly, the industry is showing a positive trend of 10% in 2015 and 12% in 2016. This is a good opportunity to enhance its growth rate and expand its market share. Second, the company should diversify its market and brand portfolio. For example, the company should venture in life, pet and travel insurance as well as use telehealth. This is a strategy to grow stronger and remain a market leader (Medibank Company, 2017). Lastly, the Company should invent better and simpler ways of interacting with its customers, employees, and providers. To improve its services delivery, Medibank is re-invest in technology and service improvement for continuous improvement of customers service and experience. The Companys CEO The Medibanks current Chief Executive Officer (CEO), Craig Drummond was appointed on July 4th, 2016 according to the 2016 annual report. Craig is also the current Managing Director and a member of the Investment and Capital Committee of the Company. Craig enjoys vast leadership experience which attributed to his appointment as a Director at the Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health as well as the Geelong Football Club. Before his appointment, Craig was the CEO of the National Australia Bank (Jaber, Rena, 2016, p. 66). He focussed more on repositioning and realignment of the bank operations more precisely on the banks financial performance. In early years, Craig worked As the CEO of Bank of America in Australia and lastly the CEO of Goldman JBWere Company of Australia. Based on this information, Craig has the qualities to lead Medibank towards achieving its goals and objectives. Craigs appointment was based on his track record focusing on customer focus, profitable growth, employee empowerment, and integrity. Craig has always believed that these factors were the backbone of any successful organization. He also possessed a reputation for strategic thinking, business acumen, and leadership capabilities (Jaber, Rena, 2016, p. 76). On the other hand, Medibank was looking a CEO who would deliver qualities and excellent services to the customers while improving the companys financial performance. Craig was chosen because he was the right person to continue with the existing strong performance between all stakeholders. Craig has done exactly what brought him at Medibank. His leadership style has always been customer-oriented. For example, in September 2016, Craig made some changes on the companys executive leadership committee. The move was aimed to improve the customers experience. The new team would enhance accountability and a clear focus on providing improved services (Wallinton, 2003, p. 99). The new team comprised of David Koczkar as the Chief Customer Officer while Andrew Wilson was appointed to take care of innovation and strategies. Mei Ramsay was appointed the head of Legal, Governance and Regulatory Affairs while Tom Exton was appointed as the Acting Financial Controller. Lastly, John Goodall was appointed to head the Operations and Technology department while Kylie Bishop stayed at the head to Human Resource and Culture (Barney, 1992, p. 193). Craigs leadership style bores some immediate results. For example, the relationship between the Company and the customers improved. The Company has invested in technology to improve its communication with the customers (Miles, 2003, p. 88). Likewise, the company has reinvested part of its revenue on innovation and customer-oriented services. Although the company is using low pricing strategy in providing products and services, its profitability has improved. In 2016, Medibank recorded a revenue of $417 million which was an improvement from $285 million in 2015. Share earning improved from 10.4% per share in 15.2% per share in 2015 and 2016 respectively. Medibank Leadership strategy Currently, the Company is using both participative and transformational leadership styles. The CEO values the contribution of other executive members and other stakeholders in making decisions. However, Craig has the responsibility to make the final decisions. The employees of Medibank feels valued because the management considers their opinion. Their morale is always high (Smith Fingar, 2006, p. 43). They always support of any changes proposed by the management which makes it easier to build a strong the relationship with different levels of leadership. However, Craig has suffered some setbacks when an urgent decision has to be made since it takes the time to collect the views of different players (Taylor, 2013, p. 76). When it come transformational leadership style, Medibanks executive team develops goals to be met. The goals are then communicated to the employees at all levels. It is the role of departmental managers and supervisors to motivate the employees and improve efficiency and productivity through high visibility and communication. The execute team comes up with organizational goals which are then broken down into smaller tasks for the each employee to accomplish. This leadership style allows employees to understand their tasks and responsibilities clearly (Spender, 2014, p. 43). It should be noted that the Company concentrates a lot on the internal and external factors affecting the organization. The Company is spending a lot of time of satisfying the needs of the customer. I believe that a strategic leadership approach would work effectively for the organization (Sarros, et al., 2014, p. 92). The company should have a leadership style focussing on the desire to develop profitable products and an outstanding brand identity. The company should turn criticism from competitors and customers into business strategies. Strategic leadership approach focusses on the companys team, network, and resources to develop strategic goals (Iqbal, et al., 2015, p. 54). A combination of the three leadership styles would work effectively for the company. Incorporation of both specific and general feedback into the report This report is based on existing facts about the Medibank Limited Company. The information has been obtained from the Companys 2016 annual report besides its official website. Likewise, relied on the official announcements made by the company through its chairman and the CEO; this information is available online. A quick search about the Company extracts vast information. However, I only considered information that originated from the company officials. I also had to rely on the information learned in the class. More specifically, to understand about different leadership styles and Porters generic strategy, I had to review the class notes. I must also acknowledge the support that I was accorded by the course instructor who tirelessly responded to my queries. I would not have completed this assignment without the support of my friends and course mates as well who we engaged in a discussion on the best approach to give the assignment. The final paper is based on a combination of information obtained from the Medibank Companys website and class lectures. I have done this report to the best of my knowledge. Conclusion The Medibank Private Company Limited is a major provider of health services in Australia. Having found its way into the Australian market in 1976, Medibank has expanded its operations into New Zealand. The success can be attributed to an effective leadership style that has been adopted by the executive team led by CEO Craig. Likewise, the Company chose to stick with its cost leadership strategy and concentrate on customers satisfaction as ways to increase its profitability and market share. Evident of the companys progress can be seen in the 2016 annual report when it reported a higher net comprised in 2016 compared to 2015 References List Asrar-ul-Haq, M. Kuchinkeb, P. K., 2016. Impact of leadership styles on employees attitude towards their leader and performance: Empirical evidence from Pakistani banks. Future Business Journal, 2(1), p. 5464. Barney, J. B., 1992. The management of organizations : strategy, structure, behavior. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Co. Bernhut, S., 2002. PRIMAL LEADERSHIP, WITH DANIEL GOLEMAN. Business Journal. 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